Описание
Записи данных
Данные этого sampling event ресурса были опубликованы в виде Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), который является стандартным форматом для обмена данными о биоразнообразии в виде набора из одной или нескольких таблиц. Основная таблица данных содержит 1 502 записей.
Также в наличии 3 таблиц с данными расширений. Записи расширений содержат дополнительную информацию об основной записи. Число записей в каждой таблице данных расширения показано ниже.
Данный экземпляр IPT архивирует данные и таким образом служит хранилищем данных. Данные и метаданные ресурсов доступны для скачивания в разделе Загрузки. В таблице версий перечислены другие версии ресурса, которые были доступны публично, что позволяет отслеживать изменения, внесенные в ресурс с течением времени.
Версии
В таблице ниже указаны только опубликованные версии ресурса, которые доступны для свободного скачивания.
Как оформить ссылку
Исследователи должны дать ссылку на эту работу следующим образом:
Levy R, DePrenger-Levin M (2025). Life History and Demography of Sclerocactus glaucus and Sclerocactus dawsoniae. Version 1.3. Kathryn Kalmbach Herbarium (Denver Botanic Gardens). Samplingevent dataset. https://ipt.vertnet.org/resource?r=coloradohooklesscactusdemography&v=1.3
Права
Исследователи должны соблюдать следующие права:
Публикующей организацией и владельцем прав на данную работу является Kathryn Kalmbach Herbarium (Denver Botanic Gardens). Насколько это возможно по закону, издатель отказался от всех прав на эти данные и посвятил их Public Domain (CC0 1.0). Пользователи могут без ограничений копировать, изменять, распространять и использовать работу, в том числе в коммерческих целях.
Регистрация в GBIF
Этот ресурс был зарегистрирован в GBIF, ему был присвоен следующий UUID: 09816958-ce10-4599-93ca-1c6b5c6dc88c. Kathryn Kalmbach Herbarium (Denver Botanic Gardens) отвечает за публикацию этого ресурса, и зарегистрирован в GBIF как издатель данных при оподдержке GBIF-US.
Ключевые слова
Samplingevent; Observation; Sclerocactus glaucus; Sclerocactus dawsoniae; alluvial benches; demography; colluvial slopes; narrow endemic; long term monitoring; sampling event; high desert
Контакты
- Metadata Provider ●
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact
- Scientific Data Manager
https://orcid.org/https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4401-1380
- Metadata Provider ●
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact
- Point Of Contact
- Associate Director of Climate Resilience
Географический охват
Data were recorded at 10 sites in Delta, Montrose, and Mesa Counties in western Colorado, United States. Two macroplots at Site Atwell Gulch (Atwell Gulch 108 and Atwell Gulch 165), and Sites Pyramid Rock, S. Shale Ridge Pond, T-Junction (formerly Road T-East and Road T-West), Oil Pad, and Fram are located within the Colorado Headwaters watershed. Sites Powerline, Escalante Canyon, Picnic Site, and Bridgeport are located within the Gunnison Watershed. Sclerocactus glaucus are found at sites Powerline, Escalante Canyon, Picnic Site, Fram, and Bridgeport. Sclerocactus dawsoniae are found at sites Atwell Gulch (Atwell Gulch 108 and Atwell Gulch 165), Pyramid Rock, S. Shale Ridge Pond, T-Junction (formerly Road T-East and Road T-West), and Oil Pad. All sites are within the Colorado River Basin and are on land owned and maintained by the United States Bureau of Land Management, except for the Fram site which is on land owned by the City of Grand Junction, at the time of the study.
| Ограничивающие координаты | Юг Запад [38,6, -108,414], Север Восток [39,366, -108,085] |
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Таксономический охват
This resource provides observations and measurements of Sclerocactus glaucus and Sclerocactus dawsoniae, members of the family Cactaceae.
| Species | Sclerocactus glaucus (Colorado Hookless Cactus), Sclerocactus dawsoniae (ColoradoColorado Hookless Cactus/Dawson's Hookless Cactus) |
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Временной охват
| Дата начала / Дата окончания | 2008-04-16 / 2025-05-15 |
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Данные проекта
Описание отсутсвует
| Название | Demographic monitoring of Sclerocactus glaucus and Sclerocactus dawsoniae, two endemic species of western Colorado |
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| Финансирование | Funding for this project was provided by the Colorado State Office of the Bureau of Land Management and Denver Botanic Gardens. |
| Описание района исследования | The study area occurs along the north-western edge of the Colorado Plateau in western Colorado, United States of America. Sites sit within the Colorado River watershed, at semi-arid high elevation desert, between 4300 and 6300 meters above sea level. Study species are typically found on alluvial benches, coarse gravely river deposits or exposed sandy or shale rich soils on south facing slopes. Disturbances include oil and gas development, mining, illegal collection, road and powerline development, cattle grazing, and recreational trails. Associated plant taxa include Atriplex confertifolia, Hilaria jamesii, Artemisia nova, Stipa hymenoides, Opuntia polyacantha, Krascheninnikovia lanata, Yucca harrimaniae, and Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus. |
| Описание плана выполнения исследований | In 1979 Sclerocactus glaucus was originally listed as threatened under the United States Endangered Species Act. Since, the taxonomic status of Sclerocactus glaucus has seen several iterations, being split into 4 species at the time this description was written; S. glaucus (K.Schum.) L.D.Benson, S. brevispinus K.D.Heil & J.M.Porter, S. wetlandicus Hochstätter, and S. dawsoniae McGlaughlin & Naibauer. Ranges of S. brevispinus and S. wetlandicus are restricted to Utah and are not included in this study. As of July 30, 2025 S. glaucus and S. dawsoniae were removed from the Federal List of Endangered and Threatened Plants. The overall goal of this project is to better understand population size trends and provide conservation recommendations for S. glaucus and S. dawsoniae. Specifically, the study aims to learn about the life history of these species, elucidate the population trends and potential connections to climate, and understand what management actions will best support the long-term survival of these species. A ten-year post-delisting monitoring plan was developed in 2022 to verify that both species remain secure from the risk of extinction after the protections of the Act have been removed. If a decline is detected among Denver Botanic Gardens and Bureau of Land Management study sites after the 10-year period, the Fish and Wildlife Service may modify or extend the post-delisting monitoring plan or reinitiate listing. In 2007 population location data were obtained from the Colorado Natural Heritage Program. Sites meeting the following criteria were chosen at random; individuals of the study species have been documented within the ten years prior, exist on land owned by the BLM, and contain at least 100 individual plants at the time of the last observance. Initially 2 sites were chosen, with additional sites added in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2013. Belt transects or circular plots were established within each site, with each individual plant within 1 meter of the belt transect or inside the circular plot being marked with a numbered metal tag nailed into the ground. In 2012, all circular and larger belt transects were standardized to 1-meter belt transects. Surveys of both the old and new designs were undertaken through 2016 to compare results. Sites are surveyed annually, usually in late April or early May to coincide with flowering times. Plant height, width, number of flowers, number of cactus pups present within immediate vicinity of a plant, and signs of herbivorous browsing are recorded for each plant surveyed. Plant height, width, reproductive status, and presence of browsing are reported in this resource. |
Исполнители проекта:
Методы сбора
Sites were surveyed once per year, typically in late April or early May to coincide with the species’ flowering times. In 2015, weather and road conditions precluded data collection at Fram and prevented completion of data collection at Pond. In 2019, sampling of one site, Fram, was conducted in late June. No data was collected in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Each transect is marked with a steel bar protruding from the ground at the origin and terminus. Macroplots are marked with bar steel at the four corners. All S. glaucus and S. dawsoniae within 1 meter of the belt transect are measured. Indiviudals touching the 1-meter or transect length mark were not measured. All individuals touching the transect line or origin line were included. Each Sclerocactus plant was assigned a numbered metal tag that was attached to a nail and placed in the soil 10 centimeters north of the associated plant. The distance and cardinal direction from the center steel rod to the tag was recorded to aid in locating plants and confirming their identity. Previously undocumented plants found within plots were assigned a new tag. If new plants were within 1-meter of an existing tag, they were assigned that same tag number but with a sequential sub-number. For example, 2 previously undocumented plants within 1-meter of tag 815, would be recorded as 815.01 and 815.02. The distance in centimeters and the cardinal direction of the tag from the plant were then recorded. For each plant observed in the transect, the height at the highest point, width at the widest point, reproductive status, the number of flowers (2019 and later), if evidence of animal herbivory was observed, and the number of cactus pups with a width less than 0.5 centimeters in the immediate vicinity of the plant being measured were recorded.
| Охват исследования | Data were collected in 2008 through 2025. In 2007, permanent sites were established at Powerline and Escalante Canyon sites. At Powerline, two 1 x 50 m belt transects were established that captured 40% of the individuals. At Escalante Canyon, five 1 x 20 meter belt transects were established encompassing approximately 50% of the population using restricted random methods (Elzinga et al. 1998). Picnic Site and Pyramid Rock sites were added in 2008. At Picnic Site, five 1 x 20 m transects were established with a restricted random design which run west to east parallel to the road. At Pyramid Rock, two adjacent 1 x 50 m belt transect were established. Four transects were added at Escalante Canyon to the west and adjacent to existing transects. Two 20 × 30- meter macroplots (Atwell Gulch 108 and Atwell Gulch 165) were added in 2009 with a combined ten 1 x 30 meter transects. In 2010, South Shale Ridge Pond was established with 5 meter-radius circular plots to accommodate the clumped distribution of individual plants. These were updated in 2012 to six 1 X 6 meter belt transects which overlap two of the three circular plots. The Oil Pad site was added in 2010 subsampling within a 48 x 80-meter macroplot which encompassed the majority of the individuals detected. In 2012, Oil Pad was updated to ten 1-meter belt transects of varying length and some overlap with the initial macroplot. In 2010, a 48 x 80-meter macroplot was added toT-Junction West and a 20 x 30 meter macroplot was added to T-Junction East. . In 2012, the East macroplot was dropped and the west macroplot was updated to seven 1-meter belt transects all located within the oringinal macroplot. Bridgeport was added in 2011 with four adjacent 1 x 50-meter transects. Lastly, Fram site added in 2013 with thirteen 1 x 100 meter transects. In 2012, site designs were standardized to contain 1-meter belt transects that contained at least 40% of the local population. New belt transects were placed at T-Junction West, South Shale Ridge Pond, and Oil Pad sites. T-Junction East was removed from the study. Three belt transects were extended to 1 x 50-meters at Atwell Gulch 108. All plants in the original Atwell Gulch design are contained in the updated design. Many of the plants in Pond are found in both the original and updated design and a small subset of individuals overlap between the original and updated Oil Pad and T-Junction site designs. |
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| Контроль качества | Data are assessed for quality as part of the digitization process. Data are transcribed from printed field sheets into a .csv template file. Before the transcribed data are imported into a web-based application developed specifically for this project, a second person verifies data were transcribed correctly. During import, the web-based application will notify the user of unlikely changes in height or width (greater than 3 cm), missing data for a tag ID, and a different tag location of sub-numbered plants than the base tag. |
Описание этапа методики:
- 1. Upon arriving at a site, trasnects were located with detailed driving and hiking directions with hand drawn maps. Once GPS units became available, sites were located with the aid of a GPS unit (most recently a field tablet equipped with the ArcGIS Field Maps application) and a metal detector. Each transect was marked with a steel bar protruding from the ground at the origin and terminus. Meter tapes are stretched the length of each transect.
- 2. Plants are located using pre-printed data sheets. Data sheets list all previously surveyed plants and their assigned tag number, as well as the tag’s location relative to the origin of the transect (y axis) and the distance from the transect line (x axis), the plant’s location relative to the tag, and each plant’s measurements from the previous three years.
- 3. As the surveyor walks the length of the transect, the ground is scanned for Sclerocactus plants, up to one meter from the transect line on one side. When a plant is found, the nearest tag is checked on the data sheet to confirm if the plant was previously marked. The tag’s location relative to the associated plant is used to identify the plant that is to be measured. If no mark (i.e. tag with appropriate distance and direction) exists, a new tag or new sub-number off an existing tag is added for the new plant. The distance from the transect origin along the y axis and the distance from the transect line along the x axis is recorded for new tags and the distance and direction from the tag to the plant is recorded for each new plant. A metal detector is used to search for tags that have become buried to limit soil disturbance. Tags that have been displaced are relocated according to the distances along the y and x axes of the transect.
- 4. Once the plant and corresponding tag are confirmed or added, the following measurements are taken: a. Maximum plant height. Measure in centimeters from the ground at the base of the plant to the tip of the plant at the highest point. b. Maximum plant width. Measure in centimeters one side of the plant stem to the opposite, at the point where the distance is greatest. c. Number of reproductive structures. Count the number of flowers, including those that have yet to open, are open, have closed, or have begun to set as fruit. Distinguish reproductive structures from the year prior from the current season, and do not count those from the year prior. d. Evidence of herbivory or damage. Record if the plant was browsed upon in some form. Record “1” for yes or “0” for no. e. Number of juvenile cactus pups. Record the number of juvenile cactus pups with a width less than 0.5 centimeters in the immediate vicinity of the plant being measured. f. Comments. Indicate if the plant is dead. If the plant exhibits evidence of herbivory, indicate the possible culprit. Add any other comments about the plant. Note “tag lost” if the tag cannot be found or ‘replaced’ if the tag was found out of the ground.
- 5. Repeat for each plant in the plot. a. If there is a plant that does not have a corresponding tag, such as a new seedling, add a new tag and record the tag and plant locations as well as the measurements or add a new record to an existing tag and the distance and direction of the new plant to the existing tag.
Библиографические ссылки
- DePrenger-Levin, Michelle. 2024. Demographic monitoring of Sclerocactus glaucus and Sclerocactus dawsoniae, two endemic species of western Colorado. Unpublished technical report to Bureau of Land Management, Department of Interior.
- U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish & Wildlife Service. 2021. Species status assessment report for Colorado hookless cactus (Sclerocactus glaucus and Sclerocactus dawsoniae).
- U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish & Wildlife Service. 2025. Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Removal of Colorado Hookless Cactus From the List of Endangered and Threatened Plants. Federal Register Vol 90, No. 102.
Дополнительные метаданные
| Благодарности | |
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| Введение | |
| Описание частоты обновления ресурса | New annual data will be added when available |
| Альтернативные идентификаторы | 09816958-ce10-4599-93ca-1c6b5c6dc88c |
| https://ipt.vertnet.org/resource?r=coloradohooklesscactusdemography |